Dữ Liệu Kinh Tế

Việc làm theo ngành ở châu Âu

Số người có việc làm theo mười nhóm ngành (NACE Rev.2) của khu vực đồng euro, EU và cả 27 nước thành viên theo quý, đã điều chỉnh mùa vụ. Số liệu tính theo tài khoản quốc gia (khái niệm trong nước — mọi người làm việc trên lãnh thổ, kể cả lao động nước ngoài). Bảng trả lời câu hỏi tăng trưởng việc làm đến từ ngành nào: sau đại dịch, gần như toàn bộ mức tăng của khu vực đồng euro nằm ở nhóm hành chính công - giáo dục - y tế và xây dựng, trong khi công nghiệp chế biến chế tạo vẫn chưa trở lại mức trước dịch. Hai dòng cuối tách lao động làm công ăn lương và lao động tự làm — tỷ trọng tự làm chênh nhau rất xa giữa Hy Lạp và Đức. Chuỗi của khối bắt đầu từ quý I năm 1995; riêng Pháp có từ 1980, Phần Lan từ 1990 và Đức từ 1991. Với Pháp, Bồ Đào Nha, Hy Lạp, Malta, Ba Lan và Séc, Eurostat chỉ công bố bản điều chỉnh mùa vụ (chưa điều chỉnh số ngày làm việc) nên chuỗi của sáu nước này nhiễu hơn một chút. Nguồn: Eurostat.

Nguồn: EurostatCập nhật cuối: 08-09-2026 21:01

Chỉ tiêuQ2-2026Q1-2026Q4-2025Q3-2025Q2-2025Q1-2025Q4-2024Q3-2024Q2-2024Q1-2024Q4-2023Q3-2023Q2-2023
Toàn bộ nền kinh tế29
Khu vực đồng euro176.448,17176.250,23176.114,89175.840,04175.634,17175.404,38174.964,44174.716,26174.272,18173.950,28173.616,66172.958,67172.638,83
Liên minh châu Âu221.372,99221.147,37221.065,47220.584,07220.388,85220.069,23219.873219.471,57219.301,55219.044,67218.471,93217.834,61217.555,5
Đức45.69645.74945.80645.85845.91145.94045.95445.95545.97645.95645.93945.92545.914
Pháp30.656,230.647,330.655,230.628,230.635,530.619,830.631,130.617,430.579,730.539,230.459,130.394,730.353,7
Ý27.165,727.077,426.950,926.837,426.776,126.769,126.620,726.687,226.497,426.373,126.324,426.042,525.985,7
Tây Ban Nha23.035,322.910,722.845,822.679,822.52922.365,422.249,422.035,421.87421.846,821.774,121.619,121.423,2
Hà Lan10.35010.36410.35110.37710.36110.34810.32310.28710.27510.26010.23310.20010.171
Bỉ5.135,45.128,95.126,35.124,55.122,65.116,75.111,35.1035.0995.101,85.096,75.094,35.091,3
Ireland2.824,532.815,652.833,912.804,732.809,112.812,552.781,072.780,722.752,932.724,452.712,62.686,432.681,84
Áo4.725,114.723,94.731,394.730,564.732,654.738,074.731,454.733,974.730,714.731,534.732,664.727,854.730,15
Phần Lan2.710,52.731,22.735,92.7302.731,82.730,32.735,12.750,42.750,52.7562.754,12.768,12.791,1
Bồ Đào Nha5.493,255.438,675.451,165.424,665.3765.336,015.307,85.279,355.258,345.255,775.266,575.243,665.239,18
Hy Lạp5.223,195.241,865.236,955.220,165.213,325.219,165.191,915.170,325.177,865.183,455.142,235.137,085.142,02
Slovakia2.428,442.425,432.427,252.425,32.429,22.427,12.429,432.430,792.429,532.431,422.434,852.433,412.434,12
Bulgaria3.603,33.610,243.612,213.602,573.588,373.565,923.540,013.525,633.514,713.504,73.499,673.480,883.479,82
Luxembourg530,34527,38525,44523,27520,77519,23517,54516,07515,56514,9513,27511,56510,63
Croatia1.800,141.800,861.801,891.798,741.771,431.786,431.769,081.773,51.7691.745,571.707,471.669,811.662,39
Litva1.489,351.491,541.464,461.499,561.485,321.504,311.501,711.498,251.499,481.484,111.485,611.485,271.475,95
Slovenia1.101,981.102,271.099,911.099,231.098,451.098,511.102,651.104,071.103,971.104,631.102,671.099,321.097,44
Latvia910,21911,13910,39905,23899,89899,49899,11909,78911,36914,36916,72919,12931,61
Estonia690,5687,22681,32693,77689,63684,82688,65686,72695,81692,33687,24681,86687,87
Cyprus523,65521,12521,17517,48514,86511,38511,51510,04506,21503,73501,61498,19495,01
Malta351,49348,22343,61340,05337,2333,62329,82327,51323,9320,68317,12312,04307,1
Ba Lan17.50017.527,717.506,117.451,317.412,217.322,317.400,917.376,117.407,617.447,717.493,417.522,717.563,9
Thuỵ Điển5.467,35.460,15.453,35.4465.434,855.428,225.428,375.436,775.442,385.452,415.464,35.469,865.465,73
Romania8.242,58.259,78.355,28.244,28.341,58.373,38.565,68.455,38.707,18.774,48.473,28.487,58.510,6
Séc5.600,225.551,495.547,425.533,25.517,175.494,35.469,715.458,35.452,795.422,135.435,975.422,595.419,34
Đan Mạch3.271,73.263,863.257,643.248,863.239,743.233,473.224,043.217,43.213,793.205,953.199,993.196,163.192,07
Hungary4.835,694.828,244.822,774.814,494.806,294.801,864.798,174.792,154.791,244.787,534.787,484.788,824.780,51
Nông, lâm nghiệp và thuỷ sản29
Khu vực đồng euro5.0485.107,675.119,665.147,845.154,355.167,525.179,425.232,555.256,545.280,645.334,995.330,855.315,73
Liên minh châu Âu8.046,578.189,228.135,988.166,138.294,68.423,218.520,718.670,538.657,48.838,429.035,729.120,769.093,5
Đức546549550551563563563563565569571571568
Pháp681,4689685,8687,1693,3695,5699,5700699,6701,6705,5708,3705,1
Ý933,7948,1958,2956,2945,1941,2950,5944,3941,8943,9944,8943,1943,8
Tây Ban Nha797,6798,2790,2796778,4767744,5785,7778,9770,5792,9770,7776
Hà Lan199201201204192187194194195196196195195
Bỉ57,457,45757,257,25756,256,256,657,457,958,258,2
Ireland106,75106,65110,05107,78111,15108,45107,8112,18106,33109,4112,3115,06102,85
Áo137,05137135,84133,98132,49134,14133,81137,16137,56138,11138,23136,71138,85
Phần Lan75,778,878,578,176,68080,380,379,581,17884,485,7
Bồ Đào Nha236,2245,22252,78254,04268,72267,68279,19277,48275,88289,26302,67301,11303,55
Hy Lạp427,87439,92432,26444,04457,81482,91496,26510,17514,25514,1528,2519,53508,51
Slovakia64,5766,1566,6266,2765,9467,3966,3766,5666,4468,3366,9668,267,95
Bulgaria454,75460,6472,27475,51481,76481,8480,52483,22499,05512,86517,44523,76523,15
Luxembourg4,254,224,264,274,284,294,314,344,324,344,334,35
Croatia79,6478,6781,173,497480,8978,6574,9384,4375,2770,6379,677,81
Litva62,4667,1469,0671,3868,4369,8971,9570,9571,7671,8374,0574,2972,36
Slovenia65,5166,5766,2966,1666,1166,4666,9567,3967,7768,0768,1668,3868,61
Latvia71,9672,2172,0172,8872,7672,772,0571,0671,3171,2473,2875,7879,27
Estonia18,8817,5216,1521,9520,8617,5618,7619,7422,5323,5618,8217,5417,43
Cyprus16,4416,4216,4816,4216,4316,416,3816,3416,3116,2316,1216,1116,05
Malta4,434,394,384,324,214,174,144,124,054,013,963,943,91
Ba Lan1.153,71.1721.173,91.123,21.122,61.126,51.139,71.163,41.215,21.305,41.349,31.444,31.455,8
Thuỵ Điển135,9135,9137,8138,5131,5131,9128,1128,6128,7129,9137138138,9
Romania1.352,31.417,21.348,61.400,91.528,71.635,31.7051.778,21.685,81.7531.839,51.829,81.805,5
Séc145,92145,43146,25146,11148,22148,98149,05148,18151,59151,21153,39154,59154,58
Đan Mạch61,9562,1661,9761,7261,8262,1162,5462,7162,6662,6862,0862,6863,71
Hungary149,56149,28148,42149,51150,08153,17156,77158,2159,61159,21158,32160,5161,18
Công nghiệp (trừ xây dựng)29
Khu vực đồng euro24.400,4324.422,0124.400,0424.480,7324.485,8924.455,9524.513,724.569,1324.616,3124.544,2224.516,0324.496,8824.481,65
Liên minh châu Âu33.203,1833.251,9333.380,0133.464,233.429,2633.341,1333.53633.535,233.689,1533.543,8733.453,8133.368,933.453,26
Đức7.7887.8257.8677.9077.9407.9748.0158.0528.0828.0968.1108.1208.130
Pháp3.0983.099,73.102,33.104,83.108,13.109,53.109,23.107,23.103,53.097,43.089,73.0823.073,8
Ý4.297,14.291,74.281,34.281,24.294,34.292,94.308,34.314,14.310,54.313,74.292,94.285,84.270,4
Tây Ban Nha2.675,52.662,72.628,82.6362.606,42.545,62.533,22.505,12.5222.464,52.459,22.432,92.395
Hà Lan843843845846850852850849846843840838837
Bỉ539,9540,7541,8543,4546,3549,4551,8553,4555,7559,7560,9562,7564,7
Ireland356,03356,43357,59349,88347,55338,83334,99339,02343,03329,22323,46321,82321,7
Áo730,44732,61733,96734,92738,16740,5745,26748,65752,08755,5758,73760,3761,41
Phần Lan373,7380379,7384,6381384,8378,1381,9385,4385378,9381387,9
Bồ Đào Nha817,21802,65800,12811,79812,92804,2802,24804,11801,31801,48802801,02803,31
Hy Lạp520,79510,3500,18491,8504,72483,57495,06493,23485,05492,69489,71486,66487,06
Slovakia538,09537,36540,01539,02544,33545,81546,5546,91552,52552,48557,54560,28563,5
Bulgaria629,06635,82641,21640,14644,08642,43645,09651,13652,53658,79659,83657,89664,67
Luxembourg38,4338,3638,3238,3538,2938,3438,3838,4738,5238,5738,6838,82
Croatia317,5325,47329,7335,87321,56329,61320,85334,42343,63328,09320,64314,97340,73
Litva274,19270,78253,51264,12255,81259,67270,62265,09275,53260,79262,15267,59263,34
Slovenia238,24238,86239,45240,42241,14242,16243,41244,3245,38246,44247,39247,92248,06
Latvia128,61128,76132,57128,8128,81128,95129,66130,42131,29132,06133,47134,57135,46
Estonia130,44133,09113,85124,22119,93116,18121,84128,97123,13122,14130,89131,87134,65
Cyprus4443,8543,843,4242,8143,1242,4942,6942,1441,9941,7741,8441,58
Malta28,0327,9427,8827,922827,8727,5527,6427,5627,5127,2126,9926,91
Ba Lan3.816,33.849,13.883,13.917,53.920,33.911,43.902,73.889,93.886,23.818,53.829,93.762,33.801,5
Thuỵ Điển639,7640,7641,9642,7648,9649651,7650,9648,9649,2649,3649,9646,7
Romania1.601,61.608,31.696,41.661,71.613,61.567,81.685,51.6361.745,61.757,91.702,71.703,91.753,9
Séc1.453,781.433,821.454,251.452,491.450,981.443,751.462,041.465,791.466,761.457,981.451,641.457,831.469,34
Đan Mạch352,23354,6355,86356,17354,04351,64349,85348,25347,03345,43343,31342,16341,82
Hungary933,92938,37941,9943,51946,72951,36955,64960,57965,28966,6971,88973,05974,73
Chế biến, chế tạo29
Khu vực đồng euro21.978,9822.011,0522.008,5622.068,6322.103,6822.083,1122.159,0622.219,1222.267,3822.243,7622.224,9922.233,4722.246,74
Liên minh châu Âu29.661,4729.705,4929.888,7529.940,6829.941,7829.819,0630.056,2930.055,2130.218,6230.138,5930.053,7430.023,2330.090,03
Đức7.1087.1507.1987.2417.2777.3137.3607.4017.4347.4567.4747.4897.501
Pháp2.7862.789,12.793,12.796,52.800,92.803,42.804,22.803,12.799,92.794,32.787,72.781,72.775,2
Ý3.931,93.927,23.917,43.916,73.929,63.929,63.947,93.956,43.955,23.959,93.942,43.937,93.924,9
Tây Ban Nha2.347,12.337,72.304,12.296,42.285,72.230,62.223,22.197,72.209,52.175,62.158,52.155,92.123,7
Hà Lan751752752753757766762763761760757756757
Bỉ479,6480481,3483,3486,4489,7492,4494,4497501,3502,8505507,2
Ireland309,42308,38317,25308,94301,16293,68286,07293,06296,78289,49286,48285,93282,76
Áo667,54669,26671,36670,86675,98677,63682,87686,82690,22694,26697,7699,11700,44
Phần Lan335,5339,9340,5345341,8344,4340,9343,2347,1346,8342,8342,1351,5
Bồ Đào Nha740,34731,8728,35742,13741,09732,87731,4733,71730,92731,16731,6730,9733,65
Hy Lạp444,11438,17433,74425,25435,62411,8426,76423,06410,36419,48421,49415,68412,77
Slovakia493,31491,79494,26492,47499,18499,94501,14500,29506,46505,8510,32512,51516,55
Bulgaria540,51547,56552551,1554,24553,56556,15562,71562,44568,01570,13568,96576,3
Luxembourg32,3132,3132,3132,3632,3532,4332,532,6332,7332,7932,9433,14
Croatia259,63266,99274,2273,27266,71272,45267,05278,82286,74274,58267,68264,17293,56
Litva247,64241,92226,07235,92225,19232,74238,02235,82242,13232,43233,64237,54235,09
Slovenia215,75216,31216,93217,94218,69219,72220,89221,72222,79223,88224,87225,45225,69
Latvia110,35110,41110,37109,92109,67109,65110,29111,35112,3113,13114,3115,39116,32
Estonia114,78116,65100,74113,26105,18102,5109,07116,49107,8105,23115,78121,27121,21
Cyprus37,8337,6537,637,2836,7536,9936,3836,5736,13635,7835,8535,62
Malta25,5225,4625,4225,4925,6225,4825,1625,1224,9524,8624,5524,3924,4
Ba Lan3.274,23.294,83.331,23.358,23.368,43.347,83.349,23.330,93.333,63.279,83.285,63.237,33.257,6
Thuỵ Điển560,6561,8562,3563,1570,5570,7573,5573,3572,4573,3574,3575,4573,5
Romania1.357,71.353,81.470,91.435,41.385,91.306,91.439,51.391,71.506,51.513,21.4531.460,51.486,4
Séc1.321,381.308,331.332,191.327,551.323,841.319,261.336,751.339,371.336,291.332,91.328,881.333,831.342,49
Đan Mạch318,16320,64322,06322,39321,01318,78316,77315,24314,05312,89311,29310,5310,25
Hungary843,72848,1851,55854,32857,24861,67865,85871,3876,66879,67885,03886,96887,62
Xây dựng29
Khu vực đồng euro11.443,7111.45311.380,911.319,6911.270,711.268,2311.229,7411.173,5611.152,711.158,0511.135,4711.090,2111.023,59
Liên minh châu Âu14.903,5514.931,814.874,2414.856,4814.780,814.750,0714.676,2114.637,3614.643,4114.651,2814.625,214.561,0414.519,6
Đức2.5642.5662.5712.5742.5842.5932.5952.6002.6082.6192.6302.6392.643
Pháp1.990,91.996,42.001,22.003,52.0052.009,22.015,22.020,82.026,22.030,12.031,62.033,12.034,3
Ý1.909,91.928,41.920,31.911,91.873,81.876,81.8641.825,81.844,21.827,51.796,81.786,91.758,5
Tây Ban Nha1.757,81.740,11.700,91.675,51.634,71.627,31.6161.597,31.582,11.5671.572,11.525,61.496,2
Hà Lan607604600600598613602596596597597592584
Bỉ294,7293,2292,5292,1291,9291,5291,4292,3293,4294,5295,6295,9295,9
Ireland190,85199,38195,43176,99193,37181,48178,18175,2164,23175,42163,19168,74175,95
Áo310,79311,65313,31314,13314,91314,36314,78316,39318,57320,51323,93326,59328,23
Phần Lan176,1175,2181,8176,7180,3178,7184,4180,2175,5179,1182,3189,2198,9
Bồ Đào Nha435,2421,65424,76418,55405,15401,26397,55393,8388,44383,54381,34378,3378,06
Hy Lạp203,92213,59207,34212,99210,93211,49198,56204,56193,63205,65195,1197,86189,97
Slovakia193,88194,89193,64192,18191191,23191,87192,65191,32191,24191,48190,56189,22
Bulgaria218,41218,24216,81216,33214,43209,78207,33204,83201,89200,32197,61194,07192,47
Luxembourg47,7347,8247,8347,9648,1948,4248,7749,1949,8350,5151,3151,83
Croatia152,52153,66144,45136,78142,73143,93144,76145,28135,36134,95144,25143,63125,55
Litva117,27121,35105,38111,17118,83120,93123,52123,02120,84119,56120,89121,31118,36
Slovenia84,2984,3584,384,3484,4784,985,5786,2686,8887,1787,1987,1386,96
Latvia63,6961,9160,8859,0257,7656,855,9856,8957,7758,9860,46161,71
Estonia50,1451,7351,6155,1954,1645,3651,1551,652,8653,625447,0149,96
Cyprus48,2347,8447,546,946,7246,4346,1146,2545,9445,8645,7845,4245,29
Malta21,7121,3520,9820,4920,3520,1319,9719,7219,519,6119,1718,8618,7
Ba Lan1.203,21.219,71.254,61.274,51.261,71.254,91.245,91.239,11.237,81.244,31.241,81.246,61.272
Thuỵ Điển375,5374,1372,7372371,5371,9373,3375,9379,4383,7389393,7397,2
Romania829,8836,4812,5841,6837,1817,4797,5819,3847,1843,5822,2791,8785,9
Séc429,42428,38431,32427,75419,6418,29411,03409,76408,54403,81420,82422,73424,99
Đan Mạch213,98212,5213,74213,41212,23211,42210,25209,43209,17208,43208,05208,04207,75
Hungary404,5405,25405,44403,66404,03403,58404,14405,98405,63406,87404,68405,54407,37
Thương mại, vận tải, lưu trú và ăn uống29
Khu vực đồng euro42.899,1842.802,7842.847,6842.761,4142.746,4442.664,8742.655,9442.522,6342.341,7242.396,642.173,342.123,8642.097,24
Liên minh châu Âu53.445,4253.265,5353.265,7353.099,3253.005,7952.878,5252.926,7952.782,7852.705,2852.760,0252.386,3352.360,7552.394,17
Đức9.9369.9589.99110.01610.07710.07310.06910.06810.09010.07610.06410.08710.099
Pháp6.751,26.746,46.747,86.750,56.740,56.732,56.731,16.726,46.7246.724,36.725,36.723,66.724,3
Ý7.163,87.0647.009,26.967,26.958,36.938,66.947,16.968,66.842,46.820,56.8006.729,86.744
Tây Ban Nha6.528,36.509,86.549,76.4666.481,36.427,86.421,66.306,96.255,46.352,56.190,16.258,56.168,6
Hà Lan2.4732.4762.4712.4832.4852.4842.5062.5022.5012.4972.4912.4852.480
Bỉ999,1998,59991.000,1999,4999,71.001,21.001,31.002,71.0041.0041.005,11.006,2
Ireland639,15635,46638,56649,7633,35628,83632,84634,64624,26623,95638,02620637,04
Áo1.217,41.217,491.222,691.223,581.225,691.223,781.224,261.226,391.227,151.227,141.224,931.223,571.224,42
Phần Lan513,7526,8527,3529,8521,3524,8530,2527,4527,6524,8521529,2528
Bồ Đào Nha1.382,451.366,811.381,171.368,21.360,461.349,31.338,431.328,791.326,511.321,711.322,691.314,831.311,52
Hy Lạp1.909,551.922,041.938,661.926,991.918,311.902,411.901,61.893,251.891,961.901,081.888,621.870,041.893,24
Slovakia599,49603,69606,7608,47608,45608,17607,39608,91606,72611,97612,27612,94614,41
Bulgaria959,62965,22957,86955,33937932,01923,39912,04900,5884,25882,92873,09880,02
Luxembourg110,73110,51110,31110,24110,14109,29109,09109,5110,06108,38107,98107,46
Croatia481,24484,3480,11473,98470,77487,66496,6471,97468,21469,26469,4433,52433,84
Litva356,16351,84348,99357,56349,43357,17353,73364,03362,21367,67368,01373,59374,85
Slovenia230,65231,35231,56231,98232,37232,44232,79232,85232,98232,94232,36231,78231,46
Latvia229,53228,97220,08232,05229,9228,57228,03230,4235,47238,01235,47234,42235,26
Estonia167,02167,16175,31168,01167,76183,66167,87165,39167,39172,98160,85161,2160,09
Cyprus156,02155,53154,69153,51152,51151,31150,54150,2149,33148,78148,01147,4146,58
Malta95,6494,4792,8591,5891,3990,4289,888,9387,6486,5385,0783,3981,74
Ba Lan3.996,83.966,23.882,13.856,83.8133.803,43.854,73.849,73.902,23.911,63.909,73.896,73.940,3
Thuỵ Điển1.068,41.067,61.065,41.064,61.061,71.0601.060,41.060,51.0621.064,41.067,51.069,81.069,8
Romania2.249,92.211,92.263,62.211,12.184,22.153,42.173,32.166,32.211,52.207,72.053,52.097,32.125,6
Séc1.253,951.244,651.236,791.243,261.242,41.236,811.225,221.225,371.227,611.220,681.215,681.207,651.200,54
Đan Mạch840,62837,81835,42831,76831,26830,63828,65827,41827,24826,21825,38825,31824,55
Hungary1.141,321.140,441.141,361.137,451.132,551.132,681.127,111.127,361.128,461.129,281.138,091.139,41.137,46
Thông tin và truyền thông29
Khu vực đồng euro5.861,925.886,375.921,255.942,385.957,345.984,485.972,555.953,725.936,545.919,15.879,975.836,085.806,59
Liên minh châu Âu7.551,457.583,927.624,487.601,877.617,427.644,167.635,677.583,877.606,027.565,557.479,967.457,737.386,06
Đức1.5441.5511.5561.5651.5641.5681.5691.5711.5721.5731.5721.5721.568
Pháp1.138,31.138,51.140,31.143,41.146,21.147,91.150,61.151,51.150,61.147,41.142,11.138,91.137,1
Ý677,3678680,6681,9681,9687,4682682687,1693,1693,1684,8681,7
Tây Ban Nha714,3712,4729,5726743739,5747737,6714,6716,4690672,4660,7
Hà Lan363367369378383385376375373371372373375
Bỉ133,6133,5133,4133,7134,5135,3135,6136,1136,5136,9137,8138138,1
Ireland168,07166,8168,92173,5172,53186,93186,2186,25185,96177,24171,47177,65174,55
Áo152,36152,1152,55152,39153,17152,68152,95153,48152,74152,43151,94150,71150,38
Phần Lan123,9124,2123,8124,6128,2127,7127,9129127,9124124,4129,8125,1
Bồ Đào Nha164,71163,94162,28163,05158,9156,37154,74152,93152,88152,41152,4150,8150,7
Hy Lạp137,9136,87132,78131,28125,44134,95126,88118,71129,18128,8126,87126128,13
Slovakia82,9380,6379,9779,8582,6381,2981,3581,583,5482,5281,5281,5883,28
Bulgaria152,85152,67152,93152,08150,44149,58148,44147,02145,6143,4140,82139,33138,52
Luxembourg22,5522,5622,5122,522,5422,6822,8723,062322,7622,7122,72
Croatia74,0377,176,0378,6778,0180,0577,9175,0972,9174,1375,3561,1560,33
Litva58,5567,2973,8270,7574,5771,9374,2971,1170,5467,7666,8162,0261,37
Slovenia39,8639,8739,7739,5639,639,7139,5739,2939,2139,1739,0638,6138,46
Latvia40,440,5740,9540,6640,5640,3439,8740,0539,7239,5739,5440,0140,61
Estonia30,4936,4941,6841,337,6538,3839,3441,3937,7239,7742,1436,1632,13
Cyprus25,8424,8726,6425,8725,6323,9726,2625,724,3523,4624,9824,4623,41
Malta16,7517,3416,8816,2515,5615,415,0615,2414,9814,4714,4214,4314
Ba Lan714736,1739,4708,3700,9707,9723,9708,1700,6671,3683,8684,1658,8
Thuỵ Điển240,6241,2242242,8243,3244243,3243,9244,8245,8248,2248,8248,3
Romania227,2207,2218,2200,5211,7197,3201,8179,8226,4226,4171,1195,6182,6
Séc197,86204,07194,21198,43194,76201,96186,89190,27190,76196,12191,39187,33185,75
Đan Mạch114,47114,43114,32114,31115,05115,3115,66116,12116,47116,71117,87118,76119,07
Hungary194,8194,23194,36195,42194,36193,99192,28193,67191,82191,68187,5186,79184,42
Tài chính và bảo hiểm29
Khu vực đồng euro4.142,984.122,944.113,214.098,234.091,914.086,794.071,494.051,734.040,734.030,154.005,333.986,383.979,48
Liên minh châu Âu5.102,815.076,945.063,485.034,075.039,215.051,825.023,124.990,554.977,964.981,584.964,764.930,754.915,16
Đức1.0941.0931.0931.0931.1001.0961.0931.0881.0821.0781.0751.0721.074
Pháp845,4843,5841,4839,8838,3836,6835833,2830,9828,9826,4823,6820,7
Ý628,1621,5617,6620,6621,8625,1624,9629,9630,6630,4630,1624,2623,6
Tây Ban Nha413,5403,7396388,8378,9375,1373,8364,9363,6363,3360,3363,5358,2
Hà Lan224225224224224223225225225223220217215
Bỉ108,8108,8108,7108,5108,3108,1108107,9108108108108108,1
Ireland135,08138,2137,65135,22129,05136,05128,36123,87123,98125,77123,94124,1129,81
Áo130,57130,46130,28131,29131,24131,44130,98130,25129,83128,88127,45127,23127
Phần Lan50,349,249,347,750,948,750,548,248,747,84747,644,9
Bồ Đào Nha92,2892,1291,6489,9789,2288,7188,5488,287,2786,9886,3885,5884,99
Hy Lạp90,6889,9994,6389,290,8489,3481,0782,4984,8987,6688,6584,0183,7
Slovakia43,4543,7344,2943,6544,2144,144,6544,1744,0944,5444,8244,2144,34
Bulgaria73,6573,3173,6773,6873,7172,3771,2970,6270,3269,6369,268,4167,72
Luxembourg55,5555,555,4955,3255,1755,0854,9654,9454,954,5654,3254,21
Croatia36,6435,7136,7539,4740,0838,0637,6242,3741,5641,0334,3224,3228
Litva25,5624,0525,2925,2420,9523,5723,422,0122,2423,2620,2725,1425,99
Slovenia19,4519,4419,4719,419,4519,4619,6319,6119,5919,5719,6519,7719,8
Latvia17,6317,8417,0617,0717,1717,0116,8417,2917,3317,0916,4416,815,41
Estonia17,5415,3415,914,4314,8119,2522,5217,5917,5114,3815,9718,8916,14
Cyprus23,1523,1623,2823,1222,9923,0723,223,2123,1823,1622,9122,8522,61
Malta17,6717,5517,3817,2316,9216,7416,6516,5316,4216,1816,0315,8715,7
Ba Lan479,7478,6479,1469,6479,4487,1473,9478,7454,5466,3465,8464,1460,2
Thuỵ Điển112,7112,7112,7112,6112,5112,4112,3111,7111,1110,6109,8108,9108
Romania93,390,187,78387,5979380,3101,8105,8115,4100,3100,8
Séc96,1796,1194,9294,6693,4493,9498,9798,1797,6297,1296,2696,3396,81
Đan Mạch78,9878,8578,6878,5378,1978,0977,9378,4379,5680,781,8981,9480,24
Hungary9796,795,7496,6495,5996,6596,7293,7994,7892,5190,4791,6788,55
Hoạt động kinh doanh bất động sản29
Khu vực đồng euro1.883,811.880,511.843,731.855,091.864,561.865,71.832,981.807,981.806,31.811,81.825,031.833,051.830,03
Liên minh châu Âu2.459,072.432,32.422,962.438,632.421,562.418,822.391,132.344,522.329,382.314,572.341,322.352,772.355,44
Đức528528526525525525523521520517513512512
Pháp402,4402,6402,7403,4403,9403,6403,5404,6406,6408,4409,8411,5413,4
Ý187,2199,3188,2181,2190,8193179,3174,1179,6187187,2188,7180,7
Tây Ban Nha270,5269,5244,2269,1265,9264,4257,3239,8232,5236,8245,8255,1256,1
Hà Lan86868484818281818079808080
Bỉ29,429,229,329,229,329,229,12928,928,928,928,828,8
Ireland13,1712,8112,689,0113,2516,5113,6113,5811,6411,2412,2711,249,68
Áo73,673,7273,0874,2773,8474,0273,4673,2573,2173,2873,1673,6173,07
Phần Lan29,827,627,326,429,828,127,327,229,427,728,528,427,4
Bồ Đào Nha85,0982,6381,5880,8879,9379,678,6476,7876,87675,7376,1876,28
Hy Lạp32,8230,3432,1831,0632,6329,7728,0330,2332,5831,2931,5832,0431,09
Slovakia32,4630,9727,8928,8730,9730,3627,942930,7431,0428,9827,6630,08
Bulgaria28,8129,3628,5429,2830,630,7928,828,2628,3428,2629,0727,7827,6
Luxembourg5,535,475,415,345,285,255,235,225,225,25,215,21
Croatia14,8614,9613,1212,9712,412,2512,2912,1712,2812,1512,211,8811,49
Litva13,8812,7311,5211,5612,0212,8412,4711,4110,5510,2212,0214,816,64
Slovenia8,128,278,298,368,48,478,588,528,448,348,268,158,06
Latvia20,7320,92120,6820,6420,4920,6221,1521,1821,4521,4121,1921,49
Estonia13,018,3812,5913,5311,2513,6913,0313,6511,5712,8414,7111,5113,68
Cyprus3,553,553,583,583,543,53,493,493,483,493,483,463,47
Malta4,934,884,764,664,634,554,44,324,254,164,073,983,89
Ba Lan164,1150,1164,1179,1165,1161,1152,6161,7157,7136,4148,1158,2157,2
Thuỵ Điển89,289,188,988,988,28888,188,188,188,588,788,989,1
Romania47,739,855,249,23840,35933,628,635,828,724,536,1
Séc135,54134,67133,62129,05128,67126,66120,91116,7112,61106,19117,95115,56111,67
Đan Mạch53,6553,3453,1152,952,4852,3951,9551,5651,751,7451,6951,5951,36
Hungary8584,8384,6484,7784,8885,0785,7885,384,6983,8281,7580,9780,02
Hoạt động chuyên môn và hỗ trợ29
Khu vực đồng euro24.972,5524.939,2324.900,2724.849,9324.766,1924.705,0224.545,7524.612,4624.531,0724.509,6724.502,0524.337,6924.350,84
Liên minh châu Âu28.885,9528.824,5128.726,0828.655,1728.645,5928.591,7428.344,4328.447,0228.412,5228.410,5128.377,0128.211,7928.112,14
Đức6.1546.1616.1736.1926.1886.2006.2146.2266.2466.2646.2706.2716.268
Pháp4.863,74.868,84.874,24.879,64.877,54.873,54.8804.880,14.8764.869,94.852,74.845,74.838,6
Ý3.664,43.653,33.612,83.571,13.571,63.560,63.498,73.576,43.525,93.500,53.5293.438,23.453,2
Tây Ban Nha3.125,13.092,33.065,13.040,32.995,32.977,72.912,32.909,32.868,92.866,32.875,62.811,22.808,8
Hà Lan2.0552.0752.0742.0762.0772.0652.0512.0442.0462.0512.0592.0662.076
Bỉ1.213,31.209,71.207,81.2061.2041.200,31.196,61.189,51.184,41.1811.176,11.1741.171,8
Ireland293,51287,68291,86308,57315,07311,44305,32304,85310,35310,35298,12292,88288,25
Áo585,97584,99588,12587,34587,53590,1590,16590,53591,47591,9594,09596,69600,16
Phần Lan372,2371,5372,5368,7370,9370,7370,7380,3376,3382,7390,8386,6399,5
Bồ Đào Nha737,41735,95731,47722,72714,04706,29698,67690,65689,78688,69689,96687,53685,48
Hy Lạp551,07556,15557,82544,94532,85528,56512,41506,04506,38500,15481,5498,92492,92
Slovakia276,95271,41269,78269,01269,37267,01273,44271,86269,95266,48268,54265,67263,13
Bulgaria281,83279,16278,9279,35274,24270,52267,13266,56261,19261,44257,15252,38256,42
Luxembourg94,0693,5193,2992,4492,492,4391,9191,691,391,0590,3890,57
Croatia141,12140,73147,3147,69142,9141,99138,98139,47141,99138,85129,52124,05131,08
Litva161,06163,15164,49161,39158,5157,4153,43152,49153,48152,03153,71153,46148,65
Slovenia146,93145,52144,21143,37142,45142,14144,29144,66143,94144,3144,5142,57142,39
Latvia72,6972,7672,9571,9771,5871,0870,9671,4771,4772,0572,673,3173,49
Estonia60,0655,0560,963,5761,8157,9657,1857,3359,2259,7660,0556,453,38
Cyprus55,8755,5555,3555,0154,8554,6154,2654,2653,8753,8253,3252,9952,7
Malta66,3265,4964,7663,7663,8662,9961,7162,1261,5361,0560,5458,8857,7
Ba Lan1.365,21.349,91.313,71.275,31.356,41.358,31.306,61.335,71.3521.362,31.354,41.383,71.329,6
Thuỵ Điển652650,8651,8649,4649,8648,8647,7649,9652,8655,6650,6651,9651,3
Romania405,3406,2386,2411,8408,5421,1398,5408,1443452,5432408,7362,9
Séc526,2519,21518,38514,77511,47510,64501,22500,57497,16494,48502,83499,53493,95
Đan Mạch381,87380,76380,39380,89380,64378,68375,91373,44372,02370,61368,99367,03365,37
Hungary580,58576,62573,98572,33571,5569,36569,69568,85567,76568,86566,65564,16559,67
Hành chính công, giáo dục và y tế29
Khu vực đồng euro44.312,1644.156,5144.050,8243.934,2943.806,1943.712,8843.518,9443.392,5343.232,3943.010,542.896,5142.716,4742.562,34
Liên minh châu Âu54.330,9254.193,9354.167,3553.932,0853.807,4653.676,4353.557,1353.267,3253.135,7352.892,0652.661,4452.506,2652.376,03
Đức12.53012.48512.43812.39512.35212.30612.25312.20412.14412.09812.08212.03711.996
Pháp8.980,38.968,78.968,18.965,18.954,28.950,98.954,68.948,78.926,58.905,68.859,78.820,68.807,6
Ý5.2235.210,45.208,85.205,15.191,85.1705.146,25.128,85.106,65.071,55.039,75.014,44.982,4
Tây Ban Nha5.0304.988,44.964,64.933,74.914,44.921,74.870,24.861,34.830,94.793,24.819,74.792,24.778,5
Hà Lan3.0423.0313.0193.0143.0012.9882.9792.9632.9542.9482.9312.9082.885
Bỉ1.564,41.564,31.563,91.562,51.560,61.557,71.555,91.552,91.549,21.547,11.542,31.5391.536
Ireland799,55794,74798,27775,12777,19776,74771,32769,85760,25734,65742,62731,51721,28
Áo1.168,341.165,751.163,061.162,51.160,231.156,561.151,051.143,331.136,271.129,851.128,41.1231.119,77
Phần Lan846,7846,8844,6842,4842,7841,8836,5846844,2854,5848,6841,7838,8
Bồ Đào Nha1.208,321.196,691.194,151.183,11.164,71.157,591.149,381.146,191.140,861.136,651.133,871.132,521.131,1
Hy Lạp1.079,351.078,571.072,171.083,631.077,331.100,641.097,31.080,931.092,381.074,911.068,341.078,361.079,15
Slovakia520,02519,35519,44519,6515,35514,73512,22511,76507,59505,59504,39504,31501,93
Bulgaria659,87655,71650,46644,9643,27639,25634,89630,1624,04619,65619,76615,8609,37
Luxembourg126,61125,42123,88122,52121,48120,38119,24118,25117,09117,07115,79114,93
Croatia408,37408,17403,81406,43398,34382,25376,33379,75388,71378,21380,28385,14371,68
Litva346,66340,48336,17356,38359,15364,43351,56349,19344,14343,59342,82328,79330,86
Slovenia223,4222,49221,19220,05218,83217,51216,83215,91214,74213,85212,43211,38210,48
Latvia220,17217,61223,89212,93215,15215,62216,14216,31217,18214,72214,5214,89215,05
Estonia163,05163,76160,9152,89158,72158,12158,23155,45162,21154,83152,05160,5168,84
Cyprus101,81101,67101,44101,26101,25100,74100,6399,8599,9499,697,796,5596,42
Malta72,8872,3671,2171,6469,7369,0168,2667,3466,4665,7365,1964,7363,99
Ba Lan3.794,73.830,73.841,33.855,23.8323.791,93.850,23.8113.776,73.791,83.783,13.786,43.781,1
Thuỵ Điển1.8861.881,61.876,21.8711.869,41.866,61.866,81.869,31.866,41.864,81.860,41.854,31.851,8
Romania1.189,41.189,91.287,61.173,11.213,41.231,91.253,71.141,31.216,51.191,41.088,81.121,61.153,4
Séc1.143,271.136,861.125,21.121,241.118,671.111,041.112,081.102,771.098,851.096,211.093,341.091,131.091,82
Đan Mạch999,68995,13990,82986,5982,73981,82980,67979,3978,53975,09972,62970,5968,87
Hungary1.003,741.002,56995,85990,99984,96978,76972,12967,21963,02958,34962,75962,98965,14
Nghệ thuật, giải trí và dịch vụ khác29
Khu vực đồng euro11.483,4211.479,2111.537,3311.450,4411.490,5911.492,9411.443,9211.399,9811.357,8811.289,5611.347,9811.207,211.191,34
Liên minh châu Âu13.444,0613.397,2813.405,1613.336,1113.347,1713.293,3313.261,8113.212,4413.144,713.086,7913.146,3912.963,8712.950,15
Đức3.0183.0293.0373.0423.1193.1103.0983.0933.0903.0823.0793.0783.080
Pháp1.904,71.893,71.891,41.850,91.868,71.860,41.852,41.844,91.835,71.825,51.816,31.807,31.798,9
Ý2.481,22.482,72.473,92.4612.446,52.483,52.419,72.443,22.428,82.3852.410,92.346,52.347,4
Tây Ban Nha1.722,71.733,61.776,81.748,41.730,71.719,31.773,51.727,51.725,11.716,31.768,41.7371.725,1
Hà Lan457458463469471469459458459453447446444
Bỉ194,8193,7193191,8191188,5185,5184,5183,6184,4185,2184,7183,5
Ireland122,38117,52122,91118,97116,6127,3122,45121,3122,91127,22127,22123,44120,73
Áo218,58218,13218,52216,17216,28216,97215,37215,77213,85212,02212,65209,48208,24
Phần Lan148,4151,1151,1151147,3147,8151,2149,7152,7150,8155,6150152,7
Bồ Đào Nha334,4331,01331,23332,35321,97325,02320,42320,41318,61319,05319,51315,78314,21
Hy Lạp269,24264,11268,94264,23262,46255,53254,76250,71247,57247,13243,66243,65248,25
Slovakia76,677,2478,978,3876,9577,0177,777,576,6277,2478,357876,29
Bulgaria140,63140,19139,38138,72138,88136,91133,69135,19131,44128,13126,81122,55121,29
Luxembourg22,072221,8921,7721,6721,2821,1421,0120,9820,7720,7120,64
Croatia92,1986,7590,2994,190,1788,8386,7785,9482,7996,8387,0179,5584,02
Litva73,5872,7476,2270,0367,6366,5166,7668,9668,1867,464,8964,2963,55
Slovenia45,4645,2945,6345,6145,5345,2845,3545,1444,8944,5943,9243,743,36
Latvia47,3147,6147,0547,0147,7848,1449,4550,8349,4850,2950,2848,4750,15
Estonia38,4740,6534,3636,0440,8136,1440,533,3540,0640,1239,3739,3240,54
Cyprus48,7648,6848,4248,448,1448,2348,1548,0747,6647,3447,5447,1346,91
Malta22,9222,6722,4722,3522,6422,3422,1121,7321,6321,3521,2821,1420,78
Ba Lan812,3775,3774,8791,8760,8719,8750,7738,8724,7739,8727,5696,3707,4
Thuỵ Điển266,1265,2264,6263,8256,7256,8257258,1259,9261,3263,8264,9264,8
Romania246252,7199,2211,3218,8211,8198,3212,4200,8200,4219,3214203,9
Séc218,11208,3212,48205,44208,96202,24202,32200,72201,3198,34192,67189,91189,87
Đan Mạch174,28174,27173,33172,68171,3171,4170,64170,75169,43168,35168,11168,16169,32
Hungary243,01241,25244,07238,59239,69237,7240,32230,24230,77228,38227,17222,28223,71
Lao động làm công ăn lương29
Khu vực đồng euro151.549,69151.311,93151.277,79151.010,39150.890,81150.800,49150.416,16150.146,82149.809,1149.451,15149.165,26148.567,93148.324,88
Liên minh châu Âu189.877,41189.617,62189.682,19189.200,62189.028,17188.838,5188.570,89188.173,8187.918,79187.496,42186.982,4186.374,01186.176,94
Đức42.08342.12242.16542.20342.34042.34142.31142.28542.29042.24642.20942.17342.145
Pháp27.066,127.083,227.114,827.111,427.140,727.148,227.184,127.19527.181,827.165,727.109,927.066,627.043,4
Ý20.776,120.729,320.665,720.578,220.553,920.663,520.522,220.533,120.429,520.288,420.263,120.033,919.980
Tây Ban Nha19.863,319.693,419.618,219.424,419.305,319.149,319.084,818.896,318.74018.677,318.617,918.455,518.296,1
Hà Lan8.7228.7268.6968.6818.6538.6078.5718.5378.5278.5218.5088.4858.462
Bỉ4.210,64.208,34.210,24.213,54.216,54.215,54.213,64.207,34.205,34.210,24.2074.206,74.205,7
Ireland2.441,152.416,362.436,462.414,532.429,032.437,712.404,242.408,192.385,872.358,552.344,562.309,942.316,84
Áo4.157,534.161,334.167,414.170,634.177,744.183,344.178,034.178,974.176,444.172,54.175,734.171,774.170,89
Phần Lan2.431,82.448,12.456,12.454,12.449,72.457,72.4632.477,62.476,82.481,42.483,92.493,22.506
Bồ Đào Nha4.648,194.601,724.605,774.589,754.547,774.5264.490,794.468,64.470,454.464,314.467,144.441,094.416,15
Hy Lạp3.935,693.932,583.961,563.931,63.908,543.889,723.844,053.815,023.803,023.788,493.748,583.748,23.781,18
Slovakia2.095,262.090,892.085,22.080,912.083,532.081,442.079,352.080,512.080,632.080,62.085,662.084,52.090,51
Bulgaria2.703,272.710,162.715,422.713,372.708,722.700,192.685,672.676,652.666,42.659,652.658,772.647,362.643,09
Luxembourg495,3493,81492,01489,62488,03486,76485,54485,22484,66483,28481,91481,14
Croatia1.559,31.558,31.555,211.5741.551,921.554,541.541,111.537,841.542,521.521,431.476,871.442,211.448,71
Litva1.309,831.305,761.296,761.335,711.318,821.336,791.330,751.324,091.325,251.311,21.312,891.309,291.304,69
Slovenia874,11875,62874,6875,1875,21876,34879,3881,74882,99884,85883,96881,94881,23
Latvia781,91773,49781,55786,04778,62784,31786,38807,44800,02796,57797,53816,51830,53
Estonia614,87605,92607,93618603,4606,4613,83609,92605,75604,81606,32604,44617,39
Cyprus470,75468,23468,32464,73462,18458,74459,08457,69453,92451,28449,27445,7440,83
Malta303,04300,19296,08293,08290,12287,05283,96282,12279,04276,38273,11268,5264,04
Ba Lan14.099,114.146,914.147,514.10514.066,613.990,914.107,514.055,614.027,414.001,213.991,913.975,613.970
Thuỵ Điển5.191,15.183,25.173,85.164,95.178,95.173,75.178,15.182,95.185,85.190,65.182,25.181,55.174,2
Romania6.716,76.705,66.822,36.683,46.671,46.677,76.706,86.641,46.769,66.765,66.570,56.596,36.675,1
Séc4.791,784.753,024.746,674.737,874.735,154.711,584.682,144.675,554.662,724.643,934.652,094.643,674.636,2
Đan Mạch3.106,273.097,23.090,63.080,623.070,733.063,333.053,083.045,73.041,423.032,943.025,963.021,793.016,94
Hungary4.415,024.413,084.417,154.411,564.406,14.406,284.404,274.401,044.401,594.399,874.399,634.401,584.395,21
Lao động tự làm29
Khu vực đồng euro24.898,4824.938,324.837,124.829,6424.743,3624.603,8924.548,2824.569,4424.463,0824.499,1324.451,3924.390,7324.313,95
Liên minh châu Âu31.495,5831.529,7531.383,2831.383,4431.360,6831.230,7331.302,1131.297,7731.382,7631.548,2531.489,5331.460,631.378,56
Đức3.6133.6273.6413.6553.6713.6763.6813.6943.7103.7323.7563.7793.798
Pháp3.590,23.564,13.540,43.516,83.494,83.471,63.4473.422,43.397,93.373,53.349,23.328,13.310,3
Ý6.389,66.348,16.285,26.259,26.222,26.105,66.098,46.154,16.067,96.084,76.061,36.008,66.005,7
Tây Ban Nha3.1723.217,33.227,63.255,43.223,73.216,13.164,63.139,13.1343.169,53.156,23.163,63.127,1
Hà Lan1.6281.6391.6541.6961.7081.7421.7521.7491.7481.7391.7251.7151.710
Bỉ924,9920,7916,2911906,1901,2897,7895,7893,7891,6889,6887,7885,6
Ireland383,38399,29397,45390,2380,08374,84376,83372,53367,06365,9368,04376,49364,99
Áo567,57562,58563,98559,93555,8551,21554,06556,23556,29557,13557,78556,11560,64
Phần Lan278,7283,1279,8275,9279,3275,4274,1272,6270,4276,1271,2274,7282,9
Bồ Đào Nha845,06836,95845,39834,91828,23810,01817,02810,75787,89791,46799,43802,57823,03
Hy Lạp1.287,51.309,281.275,381.288,561.304,771.329,441.347,871.355,31.374,851.394,951.393,651.388,881.360,84
Slovakia333,18334,54342,04344,39345,67345,66350,08350,28348,89350,82349,2348,92343,61
Bulgaria894,53899,36898,85890,37882,78865,94853,83850,32849,74845,25844,19833,04837,59
Luxembourg31,8531,5931,3931,231,0530,7430,5930,3930,2230,0129,7529,57
Croatia238,38240,77247,51225,67224,06226,97227,99235,57231,41220,66228,08228,13219,81
Litva179,52185,78167,69163,85166,5167,52170,96174,16174,23172,91172,71175,98171,26
Slovenia227,99226,76224,86223,86223,28222,43222,85222,55221,09219,66219,28218,03216,4
Latvia135,39129,04120,69128,98128,66106,32104,32112,06119,33108,96110,73111,77109,09
Estonia74,4179,8874,9676,6983,9776,9876,4577,9388,3885,9982,1678,2870,73
Cyprus52,9152,8952,8552,7652,6852,6452,4352,3552,2952,4552,3452,4954,18
Malta48,4548,0347,5346,9747,0846,5745,8645,3944,8644,34443,5443,07
Ba Lan3.400,93.380,83.358,63.346,33.345,63.331,43.293,43.320,53.380,23.446,53.501,53.547,13.593,9
Thuỵ Điển277276,8279,7280,8253,1254,6253,5254,1255,4257287,8289,5290,2
Romania1.525,81.554,11.532,91.560,81.670,11.695,61.858,81.813,91.937,52.008,81.902,71.891,21.835,5
Séc808,44798,47800,75795,32782,02782,72787,57782,75790,07778,2783,89778,92783,14
Đan Mạch165,43166,67167,04168,24169170,14170,96171,7172,37173,01174,03174,37175,13
Hungary419,45414,41407,23402,8398,85395,37394,5390,97388,85388387,26386,46385,17

Hiểu về việc làm theo ngành ở châu Âu

Lưới thống kê này cung cấp số lượng người có việc làm phân theo các nhóm ngành kinh tế trọng yếu, được tổng hợp cho toàn khu vực châu Âu, liên minh chung và từng quốc gia thành viên theo định kỳ quý. Phạm vi bao phủ toàn bộ lực lượng lao động có việc làm chính thức trong nền kinh tế, đã qua quá trình xử lý kỹ thuật nhằm loại bỏ các biến động mang tính mùa vụ trong năm.

Cấu trúc bảng bắt đầu bằng các dòng tổng thể phản ánh tổng số việc làm của toàn nền kinh tế ở các cấp độ khu vực và quốc gia, sau đó triển khai chi tiết thành các dòng phản ánh từng nhóm ngành nghề khác nhau theo chuẩn phân loại hoạt động kinh tế chung. Các dòng ngành nghề thành phần cộng lại sẽ khớp với quy mô việc làm tổng thể của từng nền kinh tế tương ứng. Người đọc nên quan sát sự dịch chuyển lao động giữa các ngành để thấy dòng vốn nhân lực đang chuyển dịch về lĩnh vực nào.

Khi nghiên cứu số liệu, cần chú ý rằng số liệu đã được điều chỉnh mùa vụ giúp loại bỏ các hiệu ứng thời tiết hoặc kỳ nghỉ lễ lớn trong năm, từ đó phản ánh sát thực hơn xu hướng tuyển dụng thực tế. Việc so sánh nên được thực hiện giữa quý hiện tại với quý liền trước để bắt nhịp nhanh các thay đổi trên thị trường lao động, hoặc so sánh với cùng kỳ năm trước để đánh giá chiều hướng dài hạn của việc làm.

Câu hỏi thường gặp

Các dòng việc làm theo ngành có cộng lại thành tổng số việc làm không?
Có, tổng số việc làm của toàn nền kinh tế là tổng hòa số lượng lao động từ tất cả các ngành nghề thành phần.
Vì sao số liệu việc làm lại cần phải điều chỉnh mùa vụ?
Việc điều chỉnh này giúp loại bỏ các biến động mang tính thời điểm như lao động nông nghiệp hay du lịch theo mùa.
Nên chọn cách so sánh nào để thấy rõ sự thay đổi trên thị trường lao động?
So sánh giữa quý này với quý liền trước giúp nhận diện nhanh các bước ngoặt tuyển dụng trong ngắn hạn.

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